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Gets a resource via HTTP, then quits.
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into a file, use L{HTTPPageDownloader} instead.
@ivar _completelyDone: A boolean indicating whether any further requests are
necessary after this one completes in order to provide a result to
C{self.factory.deferred}. If it is C{False}, then a redirect is going
to be followed. Otherwise, this protocol's connection is the last one
before firing the result Deferred. This is used to make sure the result
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Handle the HTTP status line.
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@type deferred: Deferred
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and `message' will be set.
@type status: bytes
@ivar status: The status of the response.
@type version: bytes
@ivar version: The version of the response.
@type message: bytes
@ivar message: The text message returned with the status.
@type response_headers: dict
@ivar response_headers: The headers that were specified in the
response from the server.
@type method: bytes
@ivar method: The HTTP method to use in the request. This should be one of
OPTIONS, GET, HEAD, POST, PUT, DELETE, TRACE, or CONNECT (case
matters). Other values may be specified if the server being contacted
supports them.
@type redirectLimit: int
@ivar redirectLimit: The maximum number of HTTP redirects that can occur
before it is assumed that the redirection is endless.
@type afterFoundGet: C{bool}
@ivar afterFoundGet: Deviate from the HTTP 1.1 RFC by handling redirects
the same way as most web browsers; if the request method is POST and a
302 status is encountered, the redirect is followed with a GET method
@type _redirectCount: int
@ivar _redirectCount: The current number of HTTP redirects encountered.
@ivar _disconnectedDeferred: A L{Deferred} which only fires after the last
connection associated with the request (redirects may cause multiple
connections to be required) has closed. The result Deferred will only
fire after this Deferred, so that callers can be assured that there are
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When a connection attempt fails, the request cannot be issued. If no
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@type scheme: L{bytes}
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@type host: L{bytes}
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stripped.
@type port: L{int}
@param port: Port number.
@type path: L{bytes}
@param path: Hierarchical path.
@type params: L{bytes}
@param params: Parameters for last path segment.
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@param query: Query string.
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@param fragment: Fragment identifier.
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The absolute I{URI} path including I{URI} parameters, query string and
fragment identifier.
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@return: The absolute path in original form.
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Construct a full ("absolute") URL by combining a "base URL" with another
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addressing scheme, the network location and (part of) the path, to provide
missing components in the relative URL.
Additionally, the fragment identifier is preserved according to the HTTP
1.1 bis draft.
@type base: C{bytes}
@param base: Base URL.
@type url: C{bytes}
@param url: URL to combine with C{base}.
@return: An absolute URL resulting from the combination of C{base} and
C{url}.
@see: L{urlparse.urljoin}
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Create and connect an HTTP page getting factory.
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and C{kwargs} to produce the getter
@param contextFactory: Context factory to use when creating a secure
connection, defaulting to L{None}
@return: The factory created by C{factoryFactory}
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Mark the protocols and factories associated with L{getPage} and
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Download a web page as a string.
Download a page. Return a deferred, which will callback with a
page (as a string) or errback with a description of the error.
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Download a web page to a file.
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r� )�SchemeNotSupported) �HTTP11ClientProtocol�PotentialDataLoss�Request�RequestGenerationFailed�RequestNotSent�RequestTransmissionFailed�Response� ResponseDone�ResponseFailed�ResponseNeverReceived�_WrapperException)�SSL)�CertificateOptions�
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The decorated method requires pyOpenSSL to be present, or it raises
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@type decoratee: L{callable}
@return: A function which raises L{NotImplementedError} if pyOpenSSL is not
installed; otherwise, if it is installed, simply return C{decoratee}.
@rtype: L{callable}
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pyOpenSSL is not available.
@param a: The positional arguments for C{decoratee}.
@param kw: The keyword arguments for C{decoratee}.
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This class is deprecated. Please simply use L{Agent} as-is, or if you want
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A L{WebClientContextFactory} is an HTTPS policy which totally ignores the
hostname and port. It performs basic certificate verification, however the
lack of validation of service identity (e.g. hostname validation) means it
is still vulnerable to man-in-the-middle attacks. Don't use it any more.
c C s t tjt� d�S )z�
Return a L{CertificateOptions}.
@param hostname: ignored
@param port: ignored
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@param hostname: ignored
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Create a L{client connection creator
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@param tls: The TLS protocol to create a connection for.
@type tls: L{twisted.protocols.tls.TLSMemoryBIOProtocol}
@param hostname: The hostname part of the URI.
@type hostname: L{bytes}
@param port: The port part of the URI.
@type port: L{int}
@return: a connection creator with appropriate verification
restrictions set
@rtype: L{client connection creator
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IPolicyForHTTPS that wraps a L{IPolicyForHTTPS} and caches the created
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L{client connection creators <twisted.internet.interfaces.
IOpenSSLClientConnectionCreator>} for reuse in subsequent requests to
the same hostname.
@ivar _policyForHTTPS: See C{policyforHTTPS} parameter of L{__init__}.
@ivar _cache: A cache associating hostnames to their
L{client connection creators <twisted.internet.interfaces.
IOpenSSLClientConnectionCreator>}.
@type _cache: L{collections.OrderedDict}
@ivar _cacheSize: See C{cacheSize} parameter of L{__init__}.
@since: Twisted 19.2.0
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@param policyforHTTPS: The IPolicyForHTTPS to wrap.
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Create a L{client connection creator
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@param hostname: The hostname part of the URI.
@type hostname: L{bytes}
@param port: The port part of the URI.
@type port: L{int}
@return: a connection creator with appropriate verification
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A L{_ContextFactoryWithContext} is like a
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@ivar _context: A Context.
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Adapt a web context factory to a normal context factory.
@ivar _webContextFactory: An object providing a getContext method with
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c C s
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Wrap a web context factory in an L{IPolicyForHTTPS}.
@param webContextFactory: An object providing a getContext method with
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Called the wrapped web context factory's C{getContext} method with a
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@type port: L{int}
@return: A context factory.
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the file. This process is also paused and resumed based on notifications
from the L{IConsumer} provider being written to.
The file is closed after it has been read, or if the producer is stopped
early.
@ivar _inputFile: Any file-like object, bytes read from which will be
written to a consumer.
@ivar _cooperate: A method like L{Cooperator.cooperate} which is used to
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@ivar _readSize: The number of bytes to read from C{_inputFile} at a time.
i c C s$ || _ |j| _|| _| �|�| _d S )N)�
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c s0 | � tj�r� �� n| � tj�r$n| S t�� S )N)�checkr# �CancelledErrorr* r% Z TaskStoppedr� )r� )rT r r � maybeStopped� s
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A factory for L{HTTP11ClientProtocol}, used by L{HTTPConnectionPool}.
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@ivar _metadata: Metadata about the low-level connection details,
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@since: 11.1
c C s || _ || _d S )N)�_quiescentCallback� _metadata)rT �quiescentCallback�metadatar r r r� � s z _HTTP11ClientFactory.__init__c C s d� | j| j�S )Nz _HTTP11ClientFactory({}, {}))�formatr8 r9 )rT r r r r� � s z _HTTP11ClientFactory.__repr__c C s
t | j�S )N)r� r8 )rT r� r r r r� � s z"_HTTP11ClientFactory.buildProtocolN)r8 r9 r: r; r� r� r� r r r r r7 � s r7 c @ s( e Zd ZdZdd� Zdd� Zdd� ZdS ) � _RetryingHTTP11ClientProtocolz�
A wrapper for L{HTTP11ClientProtocol} that automatically retries requests.
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c C s || _ || _d S )N)�_clientProtocol�_newConnection)rT ZclientProtocol�
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Indicate whether request should be retried.
Only returns C{True} if method is idempotent, no response was
received, the reason for the failed request was not due to
user-requested cancellation, and no body was sent. The latter
requirement may be relaxed in the future, and PUT added to approved
method list.
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@type method: L{bytes}
)s GETs HEADs OPTIONSs DELETEs TRACEFNT) r� r� r� r� r� Zreasonsr+ r# r, )rT r= � exception� bodyProducerZaFailurer r r � _shouldRetry� s
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wrapped protocol.
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A pool of persistent HTTP connections.
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connections stored under a given key can be used interchangeably.
Failed requests done using previously cached connections will be retried
once if they use an idempotent method (e.g. GET), in case the HTTP server
timed them out.
@ivar persistent: Boolean indicating whether connections should be
persistent. Connections are persistent by default.
@ivar maxPersistentPerHost: The maximum number of cached persistent
connections for a C{host:port} destination.
@type maxPersistentPerHost: C{int}
@ivar cachedConnectionTimeout: Number of seconds a cached persistent
connection will stay open before disconnecting.
@ivar retryAutomatically: C{boolean} indicating whether idempotent
requests should be retried once if no response was received.
@ivar _factory: The factory used to connect to the proxy.
@ivar _connections: Map (scheme, host, port) to lists of
L{HTTP11ClientProtocol} instances.
@ivar _timeouts: Map L{HTTP11ClientProtocol} instances to a
C{IDelayedCall} instance of their timeout.
@since: 12.1
r� �� Tc C s || _ || _i | _i | _d S )N)�_reactor�
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Supply a connection, newly created or retrieved from the pool, to be
used for one HTTP request.
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returned from future calls to this method) until one HTTP request has
been completed over it.
Afterwards, if the connection is still open, it will automatically be
added to the pool.
@param key: A unique key identifying connections that can be used
interchangeably.
@param endpoint: An endpoint that can be used to open a new connection
if no cached connection is available.
@return: A C{Deferred} that will fire with a L{HTTP11ClientProtocol}
(or a wrapper) that can be used to send a single HTTP request.
r � QUIESCENTc s �� �� �S )N)r? r )�endpointrV rT r r rg s rh z2HTTPConnectionPool.getConnection.<locals>.<lambda>) rJ rI r rK r� �state�retryAutomaticallyr= r# Zsucceedr? )rT rV rM � connectionsrE r@ r )rM rV rT r �
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Create a new connection.
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Base class offering common facilities for L{Agent}-type classes.
@ivar _reactor: The C{IReactorTime} implementation which will be used by
the pool, and perhaps by subclasses as well.
@ivar _pool: The L{HTTPConnectionPool} used to manage HTTP connections.
c C s" |d krt |d�}|| _|| _d S )NF)rF rH �_pool)rT r& �poolr r r r� � s
z_AgentBase.__init__c C s8 t t|��rd| d }||fdkr(|S |d t|� S )z�
Compute the string to use for the value of the I{Host} header, based on
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Standard HTTP endpoint destinations - TCP for HTTP, TCP+TLS for HTTPS.
@ivar _policyForHTTPS: A web context factory which will be used to create
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@ivar _connectTimeout: If not L{None}, the timeout passed to
L{HostnameEndpoint} for specifying the connection timeout.
@ivar _bindAddress: If not L{None}, the address passed to
L{HostnameEndpoint} for specifying the local address to bind to.
c C s || _ || _|| _|| _dS )a�
@param reactor: A provider to use to create endpoints.
@type reactor: see L{HostnameEndpoint.__init__} for acceptable reactor
types.
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verification parameters of OpenSSL.
@type contextFactory: L{IPolicyForHTTPS}.
@param connectTimeout: The amount of time that this L{Agent} will wait
for the peer to accept a connection.
@type connectTimeout: L{float} or L{None}
@param bindAddress: The local address for client sockets to bind to.
@type bindAddress: L{bytes} or L{None}
N)rH r �_connectTimeout� _bindAddress)rT r& r} �connectTimeout� bindAddressr r r r�
s z!_StandardEndpointFactory.__init__c C s� i }| j dk r| j |d< | j|d< yt|j�}W n$ tk
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Connect directly over TCP for C{b'http'} scheme, and TLS for
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L{Agent} is a very basic HTTP client. It supports I{HTTP} and I{HTTPS}
scheme URIs.
@ivar _pool: An L{HTTPConnectionPool} instance.
@ivar _endpointFactory: The L{IAgentEndpointFactory} which will
be used to create endpoints for outgoing connections.
@since: 9.0
Nc C sJ t �|�s*tjt|�d dtd� t|�}t||||�}| �|||� dS )a
Create an L{Agent}.
@param reactor: A reactor for this L{Agent} to place outgoing
connections.
@type reactor: see L{HostnameEndpoint.__init__} for acceptable reactor
types.
@param contextFactory: A factory for TLS contexts, to control the
verification parameters of OpenSSL. The default is to use a
L{BrowserLikePolicyForHTTPS}, so unless you have special
requirements you can leave this as-is.
@type contextFactory: L{IPolicyForHTTPS}.
@param connectTimeout: The amount of time that this L{Agent} will wait
for the peer to accept a connection.
@type connectTimeout: L{float}
@param bindAddress: The local address for client sockets to bind to.
@type bindAddress: L{bytes}
@param pool: An L{HTTPConnectionPool} instance, or L{None}, in which
case a non-persistent L{HTTPConnectionPool} instance will be
created.
@type pool: L{HTTPConnectionPool}
z� was passed as the HTTPS policy for an Agent, but it does not provide IPolicyForHTTPS. Since Twisted 14.0, you must pass a provider of IPolicyForHTTPS.r� )�
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Create a new L{Agent} that will use the endpoint factory to figure
out how to connect to the server.
@param reactor: A reactor for this L{Agent} to place outgoing
connections.
@type reactor: see L{HostnameEndpoint.__init__} for acceptable reactor
types.
@param endpointFactory: Used to construct endpoints which the
HTTP client will connect with.
@type endpointFactory: an L{IAgentEndpointFactory} provider.
@param pool: An L{HTTPConnectionPool} instance, or L{None}, in which
case a non-persistent L{HTTPConnectionPool} instance will be
created.
@type pool: L{HTTPConnectionPool}
@return: A new L{Agent}.
)�__new__r{ )r� r& r| r` rJ r r r �usingEndpointFactory} s
zAgent.usingEndpointFactoryc C s t �| ||� || _dS )a�
Initialize a new L{Agent}.
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connections.
@type reactor: see L{HostnameEndpoint.__init__} for acceptable reactor
types.
@param endpointFactory: Used to construct endpoints which the
HTTP client will connect with.
@type endpointFactory: an L{IAgentEndpointFactory} provider.
@param pool: An L{HTTPConnectionPool} instance, or L{None}, in which
case a non-persistent L{HTTPConnectionPool} instance will be
created.
@type pool: L{HTTPConnectionPool}
@return: A new L{Agent}.
N)r^ r� �_endpointFactory)rT r& r| r` r r r r{ � s z Agent._initc C s | j �|�S )z�
Get an endpoint for the given URI, using C{self._endpointFactory}.
@param uri: The URI of the request.
@type uri: L{URI}
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@type uri: native L{str}
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@type headers: L{twisted.web.http_headers.Headers}
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@since: 11.1
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L{CookieAgent} extends the basic L{Agent} to add RFC-compliant
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agent, mutating it whenever a I{Set-Cookie} header appears in a response.
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Issue a new request to the wrapped L{Agent}.
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A L{Protocol} implementation which wraps another one, transparently
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@since: 13.1
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